Main Glossary
Words matter! Know the meanings of the words you speak, write, preach and teach to perfectly accomplish the things the LORD God wills.
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ECCLESIOLOGY (CHURCH) |
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Apostolic SeeAn episcopal see whose foundation derives from one of the apostles efforts. The five major sees Rome, in Italy (Saint Peter and Paul the Apostle) Constantinople, now Istanbul in present-day Turkey (Saint Andrew) Alexandria, in present-day Egypt (Saint Mark the Evangelist) Antioch, in present-day Turkey (Saint Peter) Jerusalem, in the Holy Land (Saint Peter and Saint James) There are also some other minor sees that claim their origins begin with Apostles and claim their right to be called an Apostolic See. Other Claims Aquileia, in northeastern Italy (Mark the Evangelist) Archdiocese of Athens, Greece (Saint Paul) Armenian Apostolic Church (Thaddeus (Jude the Apostle) and Bartholomew the Apostle) Corinth, in Greece (Saint Paul) Ephesus, in present-day Turkey (John the Apostle) Malta (Saint Paul) Paphos, in Cyprus (Barnabas and Paul) Philippi, in Greece (Saint Paul) Saint Thomas Christians (Thomas the Apostle) See of Milan, in northwestern Italy (Barnabas the Apostle) See of Syracuse, in Sicily (Saint Peter) Seleucia-Ctesiphon, in present-day Iraq (Thomas the Apostle, Bartholomew the Apostle, and Thaddeus of Edessa) Thessaloniki, in Greece (Saint Paul) | ||
Apostolic SuccessionThe unbroken line of succession starting with the Twelve Apostles and perpetuated through Bishops, which is considered essential for order and sacraments to be valid to the Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican churches. | ||
ApostolosA book with parts of the Acts and parts of the Epistles of the Apostles used by the Greek Orthodox Church. | ||
BeneficePosition or post granted to ecclesiastics with guarantees of a fixed amount of property or income. | ||
Bernard of Clairvaux A 12th century monk who first secluded himself with the Cistercian Movement in 1112. He was of enormous importance and fame for his charismatic writings on the love of God in the 12th century. A larger than life figure, his message always reminded believers of the importance of moral purity and spiritual closeness to God. However, he is reviled by man, even today, for his contradictory participation in the condemnation of Peter Abelard, and his preaching of the Second Crusade. Regardless, by the time Bernard died, there were over 350 Cistercian abbeys throughout Europe as a result of his influence.1 (See Cistercian Movement) Reference: 1 Hill, Jonathan. "Early Christianity: A World Religion." Handbook to the History of Christianity. Zondervan, 2006, 191. | ||
Blessed Sacrament The consecrated Host | ||
Bull A formal papal document with a bulla attached. | ||
Bulla A seal attached to an official papal document | ||
CanonsWhen ecumenical councils deal with matters that regard organizaitonal, disciplinary, or procedural matters, they are called "canons." When ecumenical councils deal with matters of faith, the resulting edicts are known as "symbols" or "dogmas." 1 1Ferguson, Everett. Church History Volume One: From Christ to Pre-Reformation. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005, 211. | ||
Carthusian MovementA monastery founded by priest and scholar Bruno in 1084 in the Alps called Chartreuse led to the movement that became part of the unofficial conscience of the church. Rather than based upon the Rule of St. Benedict, Bruno's group focused upon duplicating the early desert fathers with smaller communities, solitary contemplation and work. It blended the old ideal of hermitage with the medieval institution of the communal monastery, and became respected for its severe approach to a life of solitude for dedicated monks. (Hill, 189) Bibliography Hill, Jonathan. Zondervan Handbook to the History of Christianity. Oxford: Lion Publishing, 2006. | ||