Main Glossary


Words matter! Know the meanings of the words you speak, write, preach and teach to perfectly accomplish the things the LORD God wills.

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ECCLESIOLOGY (CHURCH)

Council of Ephesus (First)

(Third Ecumenical Council) Repudiated Nestorianism and Pelagianism, proclaimed the Virgin Mary as the Theotokos ("God-bearer"), and reaffirmed the Nicene Creed in the year 431.
Entry link: Council of Ephesus (First)

Council of Ephesus (Second)

(Not and Ecumenical Council) Declared Eutyches orthodox and attacked his opponents. Originally convened as an Ecumenical council in 449, it is not recognized as such, and is actually denounced as a "Robber Council" by the Chalcedonians (Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Protestants)
Entry link: Council of Ephesus (Second)

Council of Lateran (Fourth)

The Fourth Council of the Lateran (1215) (Ecumenical Council) handled issues related to transubstantiation, papal primacy, and conduct of clergy. Established norm expectations that Jews and Muslims should wear a special dress to enable them to be distinguished from Christians.


Entry link: Council of Lateran (Fourth)

Council of Nicea (First)

(First Ecumenical Council) First church council was called by Emperor Constantine in 325, to decide the nature of Jesus. The council ruled that Jesus was both human and divine, and that he was equivalent to the same substance as God the Father. Arianism was made a heresy by their decision, and the Nicene Creed encapsulated this theological doctrine.

Entry link: Council of Nicea (First)

Council of Nicea (Second)

(Seventh Ecumenical Council) Restored the veneration of icons which had been condemned at the Council of Hieria, 754, and repudiated iconoclasm. (This council is rejected by some Protestant denominations, which condemned the veneration of icons)
Entry link: Council of Nicea (Second)

Council of the Lateran (Fifth)

The Fifth Council of the Lateran (1512-1517) (Ecumenical Council) attempted to reform the Church.  Declared the immortality of the soul as dogma.


Entry link: Council of the Lateran (Fifth)

Council of the Lateran (First)

The First Council of the Lateran (1123) (Ecumenical Council) confirmed the concordat of Worms.

Entry link: Council of the Lateran (First)

Council of the Lateran (Second)

The Second Council of the Lateran (1139) (Ecumenical Council) regulated clerical dress, prohibited clerical marriages and declared them to be invalid, punished attacks on clerics by excommunication.

Entry link: Council of the Lateran (Second)

Council of the Lateran (Third)

The Third Council of the Lateran (1179) (Ecumenical Council) limited papal candidates to cardinals alone, condemned simony, forbade the promotion of anyone to the episcopate before the age of thirty.


Entry link: Council of the Lateran (Third)

Curea Romana

The body of congregations and offices of the Roman Catholic Church that assist the Pope in governmental administrative duties
Entry link: Curea Romana


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