Main Glossary
Words matter! Know the meanings of the words you speak, write, preach and teach to perfectly accomplish the things the LORD God wills.
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MiracleA supernatural interruption of nature. | ||
MitzvotDerives from the root word 'Tzivah' which means "to command'. The Mitzvot (plural form of Mitzvah) are the 613 commandments found in the Torah (Five Books of Moses). There are thought to be 248 positive commandments that command actions are performed and 365 negative commandments that command doers to refrain from actions. Many of the laws are concerned with purity and sacrifice and are only applicable when the Temple stands in Jerusalem. Generally, there are only 270 Mitzvots (48 positive, 222 negative) that are applicable to everyone today. According to Jewish tradition, when the Temple is rebuilt and the Messiah comes, all 613 Mitzvot will be restored. | ||
ModalismThe naive view that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were successive activities and revelations of one God thereby suggesting that the LORD God Father suffered upon the cross and was crucified by man. This teaching is also known as Monarchianism, or in the derogatory sense, Patripassianism.1 1Ferguson, Everett. Church History Volume One: From Christ to Pre-Reformation. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005, 144. | ||
MonarchianismThe naive view that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit were successive activities and revelations of one God thereby suggesting that the LORD God Father suffered upon the cross and was crucified by man. This teaching is also known as Modalism, or in the derogatory sense, Patripassianism.1 Monarchian Teachers2: Dynamic Monarchians Theodotus the Leatherworker, c. 185, Byzantium/Rome Theodotus the Banker, c. 199, Rome Artemon, c. 210, Rome Paul of Samosata, c. 260-68, Antioch Modalist Monarchians Noetus, c. 200, Smyrna Praxeas, c. 200, Asia/Rome Epigonus, c. 200, Rome Sabellius, c. 215, Rome
1Ferguson, Everett. Church History Volume One: From Christ to Pre-Reformation. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005, 144. 2Ibid. | ||
MonolatryWorship of one God. | ||
Monophysite ChurchA Popular Coptic Church throughout Syria, Egypt, Anatolia, and Lavant for those adhering to Monophysitism in preference of the Chalcedonian orthodoxy. (See Melkite Church) | ||
Monophysitism The Christological position that Christ has a single inseparable nature that is at once divine and human rather than having two distinct but unified natures. (See Hypostatic Union) | ||
Monotheism Belief in the existence of only one God. Judaism and Christianity identify the only true LORD God YAHWEH to be the Creator of all things. | ||
Monotheletism Teaches that Jesus Christ had two natures but only one will. This is contrary to the orthodox interpretation of Christology, which teaches that Jesus Christ has two wills (human and divine) corresponding to his two natures. Sergius, patriarch of Constantinople in the early seventh century, developed this doctrine by first expressing a concern of Monophysites belief that Christ should have a single "will" or faculty of volition, and thus, one nature. He reasoned that Christ had two natures but only one "will" located within his person. Sergius had intended the doctrine to mean that the human and the divine in Christ cooperated perfectly. This idea proved amenable to Emperor Heraclius, and he imposed the doctrine of Monotheletism ("one will") upon the church in his famous decree called Ekthesis. Although many Byzantine theologians agreed, some interpreted this position as teaching that Christ was a divine person masquerading as a human being, and was not properly human. Pope John IV condemned Monotheletism as Monophysitism in disguise, both heretical teachings. (Hill, 139) Reference: Hill, Jonathan. "Early Christianity: A World Religion." Handbook to the History of Christianity. Zondervan, 2006. | ||
Montanism (New Prophecy)An important Christian movement founded in the second half of the second century by a Phygian named Montanus. Montanus believed he was given a new revelation, which led to his appointment as leader of a church in the supposed final days before the return of Jesus Christ. His main disciples were two prophetesses named Prisca and Maximilla. The movement was called New Prophecy by the followers, and Montanism by the opponents. Ecstatic and wild demonstrations accompanied many of their prophetic expressions, but they did not preach any particular doctrines that were objected to by mainline Christians. Most of their prophecies were concerned with morality; they adhered to a strict and harsh way of life, and believed that post-baptismal sin could not be forgiven. The movement spread beyond Anatolia to Africa, where mystical rites were celebrated in secret, imitating the ecstatic trances of the prophetesses and resembling the pagan mystery religions. It remained in existence as a minor, secretive cult until the sixth century. (Hill, 64) Reference: Hill, Jonathan. "Early Christianity: A World Religion." Handbook to the History of Christianity. Zondervan, 2006. | ||